The Hilux Surf is a full-fledged SUV from Toyota that debuted in 1984. Across all generations, it employs the "ladder frame structure" that withstands harsh usage. Its standout feature is the traditionally used power-operated retractable glass at the rear gate (rear power window), a unique charm rarely found in foreign SUVs. Although sales in Japan ceased in 2009, its sturdy chassis and dependable engine continue to garner immense support in the global used car market as of 2026.

The first generation Hilux Surf (N60 series, 1984–1989) - The origin of the "truck-based SUV"

The Charm of the First Generation Hilux Surf

The ruggedness derived from pickup trucks and the authenticity of a full-fledged 4WD.

The original model was a new multi-purpose four-wheel drive vehicle launched in May 1984. It debuted as a two-seater/five-seater van with a FRP canopy mounted on the bed of the Hilux. Its formation is very unique and it is much more "truck-like" than modern SUVs. The early models had a convertible structure with a removable rear canopy. Meanwhile, these 4WD pickup-based RVs were also popular on the west coast of the United States at the time, with the combination of a multipurpose wagon body and off-road capability being a major attraction. The engines were available in 2.0L gasoline (3Y-U), 2.4L naturally aspirated diesel (2L), and 2.4L diesel turbo (2L-T). In 1985, the front suspension was made independent to improve on-road performance, and in 1986, a five-number passenger car registration wagon, EFI gasoline, and electronically controlled 4-speed AT were also added. In other words, the first generation is a generation that has evolved more than its appearance would suggest, and it is not just an "old four-wheel drive", but an important model that laid the foundation for the boom in domestic SUVs that followed.

Shortcomings of the First Generation Hilux Surf

Quite antiquated for use with a passenger car feel.

The weak points of the first generation are clear from a modern perspective. Its basis was a structure derived from pickups, initially featuring rigid axles supported by leaf springs both front and rear. Even though the front suspension became independent in later years, its comfort, quietness, and rear seat livability are significantly truck-like compared to later generations. Additionally, older diesels and turbo diesels are included, making it crucial to discern the state of maintenance. When choosing a used car, you'll want to thoroughly check the chassis, suspension, leaks, body rust, and drivetrain condition. The value of the first generation lies more in its entertaining history and authentic 4x4 flavor than in comfort. It’s the sort of generation that may present a significant gap if purchased with a modern daily SUV in mind.

A rival to the first-generation Hilux Surf.

First-generation Nissan Terrano (Pathfinder) / First-generation Mitsubishi Strada

The mid-1980s, when the first-generation Surf made its debut, was a period when multi-purpose 4-wheel drive vehicles based on pickup truck chassis began to gain prominence. Main rivals included models like the Nissan Terrano and the Mitsubishi Strada (both introduced in 1986), which also had structures based on truck chassis. In contrast to more car-like wagons like the Pajero, these rivals shared a rugged appeal derived from their truck origins. The Surf distinguished itself with its innovative FRP canopy style.

Specifications of the first-generation Hilux Surf

Model Series: YN60V/LN60V/YN65/YN60/LN65/LN60 Engine: 2.0L inline 4-cylinder gasoline (3Y-U), 2.4L inline 4-cylinder diesel (2L), 2.4L inline 4-cylinder diesel turbo (2L-T) Features: Based on Hilux 4WD, FRP made canopy (with detachable models), 2-seater/5-seater van. Suspension: Initially rigid front and rear, later converted to independent front suspension (IFS).

Second Generation Hilux Surf (N130 series, 1989–1995) - This generation made a rapid leap into practical SUVs with the integration of a unibody design.

The Appeal of the Second Generation Hilux Surf

Improved usability for daily use due to a four-door configuration and transition to rear coil suspension.

The second generation was launched in May 1989, adding a practical 4-door body. Unlike the first generation, which was essentially a truck with a canopy, the second generation was a more typical steel integrated wagon body, bringing the interior more in line with a passenger car. Furthermore, while the rear suspension retained a rigid axle, it was changed from leaf to coil spring-style 4-link, improving driving stability and ride comfort. All models standardized the user-friendly ADD system for 4WD, and in 1990 a V6 3.0L gasoline (3VZ-E) was added, followed by a 3.0L diesel turbo (1KZ-TE) in 1993 for overseas markets, known for its legendary durability. This greatly enhanced the product's appeal. In other words, the second generation marked the transition from the rugged 4x4 of the first generation to a "genuine SUV that can be used by the whole family."

Weaknesses of the second-generation Hilux Surf

The truck-based characteristics still remain strongly.

The second generation has been significantly practical, but by today's standards, the body size is still compact, and the texture and quietness are not as sophisticated as passenger SUVs. Diesel models have their appeal, but maintenance history and condition checks are essential if you're choosing one now. Additionally, there are considerable differences in character between 2-door and 4-door, wagons and vans, gasoline and diesel; even within the same N130 series, the impression can vary greatly. It's not just about the stylish appearance; your satisfaction can be greatly influenced by which spec you choose in this generation.

Rival of the second generation Hilux Surf

Nissan Terrano/Mitsubishi Pajero

The rivals of this era were the Nissan Terrano and Mitsubishi Pajero. The Pajero was popular for its brand power and high-quality 4WD, while the Terrano was loved for its urban SUV image. On the other hand, the second-generation Surf competes with its reliable features inherited from Hilux, and the ease of handling typical of Toyota. From a second-hand perspective, the attractiveness of Toyota's parts distribution and serviceability still hold appeal today.

Specifications of the Second Generation Hilux Surf

Model Series: LN130G / YN130G / LN131V Size: Overall Length 4,470mm x Overall Width 1,690mm x Overall Height 1,745mm Engine: 2.0L Gasoline, 2.4L Turbo Diesel (2L-TE), 2.8L Diesel (3L), later addition of 3.0L V6 Gasoline (3VZ-E) / 3.0L Diesel Turbo (1KZ-TE) Transmission: 5-Speed Manual Transmission, 4-Speed Automatic Transmission Features: Added 4-Doors, Integrated Wagon Body, Standard Automatic Disconnecting Differential (switchable 2WD/4WD on-the-move function)

Third Generation Hilux Surf (N180 Series, 1995–2002) - A mature generation that increased comfort with a dedicated four-door design and new chassis.

The Appeal of the Third Generation Hilux Surf

The stability and practicality for everyday use have been elevated to the next level.

The third generation was launched in December 1995. In this generation, the chassis was redesigned, and the wheelbase and tread were expanded to improve driving stability and ride comfort. The body is exclusively a 4-door model, with the back door changed to a lift-up style. The most significant feature is the adoption of "Multi-Mode 4WD," which allows switching between 2WD and 4WD (full-time/part-time with center differential). The engine options include a newly adopted 3.4L V6 gasoline (5VZ-FE), 2.7L inline-4 gasoline (3RZ-FE), and 3.0L diesel turbo. Furthermore, the front was equipped with coil springs, and the steering was made rack-and-pinion, thus improving on-road handling. The third generation moved significantly closer to being an SUV that can be used on a daily basis, while retaining the "taste of off-roading."

Drawbacks of the Third Generation Hilux Surf

There are significant differences in specifications such as standard, wide, and FR sports runners.

The third generation offers a wide range of variations, including a standard body and a wide body, part-time 4WD and 4-mode 4WD, and even a FR sports runner. Therefore, when choosing a used car, it's crucial to not only consider the car's appearance but also understand the differences in the drive system and the car's intended purpose. While a wide body has a strong presence, it may also be disadvantageous for handling, and though diesels are attractive, verifying their maintenance history is essential. The third generation, while of high quality, requires you to decide which specifications to choose and how to use them.

Rival of the third generation Hilux Surf

Mitsubishi Challenger / Nissan Terrano

In the contemporary scene, the Mitsubishi Challenger, with its pickup truck-based "origin", and the long-standing rival Nissan Terrano are the direct competitors. The Challenger in particular, had a sturdy ladder frame structure inherited from trucks and was a model that strongly projected the character of a "play tool" similar to the Surf. In this context, the third generation Surf boasted an extremely high degree of refinement in terms of its Toyota-like ease of maintenance and on-road handling balance. The reason many people still favor the third-generation is due to the exquisite packaging that strikes a harmony between being "not too rugged, yet not too weak".

Specifications of the 3rd Generation Hilux Surf

Model Series: VZN185W / KZN185W / KZN185G / RZN185W Engine: 3.4L V6 (5VZ-FE), 2.7L straight-4 (3RZ-FE), 3.0L Diesel Turbo (1KZ-TE / 1KD-FTV after 2000) Transmission: 4-speed automatic, 5-speed manual Features: 4 doors only, standard/wide body, multi-mode 4WD, added Sports Runner

4th Generation Hilux Surf (N210 series, 2002-2009 in Japan) - the final generation with an increased similarity to the Prado.

The Charm of the 4th Generation Hilux Surf

The final model has become larger and more refined.

The fourth generation was released in November 2002, utilizing major components common with the Land Cruiser Prado and expanding both the body size and interior space. The uniqueness of the car was expressed through its trapezoidal front grille and wide C-pillars, with Hino Motors and Toyota jointly progressing in its development and production. The drive system is FR and part-time 4WD with a transfer case, and newly developed Torsen LSD was also adopted for the 4WD. The engine lineup started with the 2.7L inline-four, 3.4L V6, 3.0L direct-injection diesel turbo models, and later evolved to the 2TR-FE for the 2.7L and the 4.0L (1GR-FE) for the V6. Domestic production ultimately ended in August 2009, with the segment being consolidated into the Land Cruiser Prado. As a final generation model, this car represents the epitome of the Surf models designed for Japan.

Drawbacks of the Fourth Generation Hilux Surf

The nimble feeling of the first to third generation models has diminished due to the increased size of the body.

While the fourth generation has increased in comfort and quality, it has lost some of the compactness and lightness characteristic of the previous generation Surf. With a total width of 1,875mm, it has grown larger, which can be a concern in Japan's narrow streets. Also, since the Japanese specification diesel car (1KD-FTV) was discontinued in 2005, the selection in later years is centered on gasoline. Despite its high level of finish, it might feel a bit too urban for those seeking the rugged Surf vibe.

Rival of the 4th Generation Hilux Surf

Land Cruiser Prado / Mitsubishi Pajero

The fourth generation Surf is virtually a sibling vehicle to the Land Cruiser Prado (120 series), sharing major components such as the frame and engine, making it a key comparison. The Mitsubishi Pajero, which was vying for dominance in the authentic SUV market at the time, is also an indispensable rival for users seeking off-road capability and tough driving performance. These are genuine examples standing apart from crossover-based passenger cars, featuring a robust ladder frame. If you were seeking a more "sophisticated luxury", then the Prado was the choice, while if you valued "strength" in off-road conditions, the Pajero or the Surf was your choice.

Specifications for the 4th Generation Hilux Surf

Model: VZN215/VZN210/RZN215/RZN210/KDN215 Size: Overall length 4,770mm x overall width 1,875mm x overall height 1,790mm Engine: 2.7L I4 (3RZ-FE → 2TR-FE), 3.4L V6 (5VZ-FE), 3.0L Turbo Diesel (1KD-FTV), later evolved to 4.0L V6 (1GR-FE) Transmission: 4 speed automatic transmission, 4.0L V6 models use 5 speed automatic transmission Features: Shares major components with Prado (120 series), available in FR layout, production ended in August 2009